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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     LqykEm
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&<H ******MT6 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ *+j(ci {/ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ /GtuM1 ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):F3N}o ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ AoX0 ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.Y ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 1<S|} [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡CZ -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡Cz -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ïjr%M -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ù)yPw -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]h:-6,K 3){D ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ _)$Q} [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)@uk|v ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ +K ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ ,SHc **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s+gTrQ8 [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:QY JH%N' +wc{e !/ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ *JB f ]Pj5up ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]KY?$k ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 2q0u Contents:P)U ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Xe-,Bl * ContentsDD * Preface-2 * Acknowledgements(*< * IntroductionCw o Geological historyj0X2z. o Climate in the past~J|S_] o Fossil evidence4'T3 o Colonization history of Madagascar+0y"( o Climate and biogeographical zonationNy o Flora8]qO o Invertebrates%"9 o Freshwater fishn o Birds;?0 o Mammals94h o BatsSY21& o LemursExd o CarnivoransNwdg&j o Tenrecs4/v o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptiles]s o Amphibiansy!R-*{ + Distribution and biogeography@del + Predation and anti-predator strategies'WqV + Activity patterns\E/=c) + Life history_cLMs + Reproductive diversityc4^ + Territoriality and parental care0 + Diversity of eggs and clutches\` + Tadpole diversityq + Vocalizationsr}Gh. + Sexual dimorphism68J4 + Nuptial padsdBTGaZ + Femoral glandsu|gO + Other glands and skin structures_ + Characters for species distinction-O9P + ColourationPV?d{ + Eyes7:gK + Skina++L`* + Terminal finger discs,#+bT + Metatarsal tuberclese/aM, + Lateral metatarsalia=z7+}< + Webbingo3P1 + Hindlimb length@+{ + Tympanumi + Body size_A- + Skeletal featuresLE + Threats, conservation, and future research
o ReptilesAGtzG + Distribution and biogeographyFG + Nutrition|IW + Predation and anti-predator strategies0. + Activity patternsB}93M; + Reproductive diversityAm&th + Territoriality and parental care| + Diversity of eggs and clutchesS= + Life historyQ + Vocalizations!~f + Scent signalsV9&d + Sexual dimorphism* + Characters for species distinction*m + ScalesA3&( + Finger and toe lamellaeY + Body size and proportionsHh + ColourRCCX + Crests and appendages;)ma + Limb reductionM + EyesAFl-sk + HemipenesU + Threats, conservation, and future research2$Gbr + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountstV o Amphibians? + Dicroglossidaea#CWp= # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae(a9pzj # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae_K3 # Heterixalus
+ Microhylidae~}Q;V # ParadoxophylaFe}!N # Scaphiophryne]K@x # Dyscophus-p # Rhombophryne( # Madecassophryne) # Plethodontohylan # Stumpffia4n<&JK # PlatypeliswD=! # Cophylaoh\ # Anodonthyla
+ MantellidaedApx # Boophis` # Laliostomapo/.H # Aglyptodactylusdiy{c # Blommersiaig # Wakea=NeGlY # MantellaGhkO2 # Guibemantise*\>z # Spinomantis%< # GephyromantisH~qo # TsingymantisQWXXY # Boehmantis[B\ # Mantidactylus
o Reptilesuqh + Turtleso^N # TestudinidaeRV * Astrochelys6Sh0j * PyxisbQ`5 * Kinixys
# Podocnemididae\ * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidae2q]Oo * Pelomedusa|,{f^ * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidae(W * Dermochelys
# Cheloniidaek-jDN * Caretta/#O * Cheloniaq * EretmochelysA+v4ix * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodilesb|l # Crocodylidae~0L &R * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesYe@ # Chamaeleonidaeb$" * BrookesiaqZ * Calumma(SKbVi * Furcifer
# IguanidaeP*zb * OplurusU+Ed * Chalarodon
# GerrhosauridaeE * ZonosaurusQN * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidaej* * Trachylepis1@9 * Cryptoblepharus&m * MadascincusxG * Amphiglossusv * AndrongoO96k * Sirenoscincus| * VoeltzkowiaS * Cryptoscincus*7 8@ * Pygomeles<4T7eg * PseudoacontiasL6GkZ * Paracontias
# GekkonidaeR * Blaesodactylus>@ * Geckolepis}) * Gehyra$Yg.a * HemidactyluszY * ParagehyraQztgo8 * Matoatoa@1[ * EbenaviaQC * Paroedura0l4[ * Uroplatusn\WG * LygodactylusN * Microscalabotes4* * Phelsuma
# BoidaeC * Sanzinia@ * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)dA+E^ * MadagascarophisUD * Stenophisi * Leioheterodon=; * Compsophis*?2 * Brygophis|A * Alluaudina(9OT * LangahaYQbYls * IthycyphusVT@U * Pseudoxyrhopus"T(n, * HeteroliodonqyRUw * ExallodontophisD&iz * PararhadinaeaF * Liophidium DV;5 * Liopholidophisqy_ia * BibilavaG)n. * DromicodryaspH * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae_ * Ramphotyphlopsf) * XenotyphlopsgZ * Typhlops
# Elapidae[z( * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and species)7zQ * Referencesd * IndexMTMvB`
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