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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     A\n B6
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n ******,H ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ c7X}O2 V:Ax ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ [B ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):uN ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Hd< ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.J3@I ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ cL0d&} [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡C;Hdl -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡Cm. -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹ÏM -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùItzg -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]-<K>)E EAd|X ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ q}o [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)F]^ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ <O)CkB ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ [ **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s'"[Jps [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:wC\*Q8 6 }k8x C;cGN ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ t~ l.sw ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]2}TB$9 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ !<? ContentshZ\EY ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ UW<>< * Contents? * Preface2Pe * Acknowledgements*~ * Introduction0Hd~ o Geological history@X o Climate in the past]l`Lhl o Fossil evidenceRC(2m o Colonization history of MadagascarY- o Climate and biogeographical zonationfinb$ o FloraW~ o Invertebrates&k o Freshwater fish*KVd o Birds0J5( o Mammals:H% o Bats.&J o Lemurs@d<? o Carnivorans:U)~ o TenrecsSZ o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and ReptilesN|P)` o Amphibiansrn=2 + Distribution and biogeographya + Predation and anti-predator strategies8)^Qo + Activity patternsQ&{ovS + Life history?QY0# + Reproductive diversityPJS + Territoriality and parental care/v|^ + Diversity of eggs and clutchesz}nsJ + Tadpole diversity@JJ + VocalizationsxK + Sexual dimorphismqaMZzY + Nuptial pads?ckK`e + Femoral glands>;>vNU + Other glands and skin structures7Q]z + Characters for species distinction[UKI + Colouration"T9k + EyesI9a + Skin% + Terminal finger discsk: + Metatarsal tubercles2 5 + Lateral metatarsalia3gr_ + WebbingLv$vdR + Hindlimb lengthC + TympanumnR + Body size+- 7 + Skeletal featuresfY~f + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles|NG@d/ + Distribution and biogeographyZ7t\8 + NutritionZsM{Gk + Predation and anti-predator strategies}:-4T + Activity patterns;Xz + Reproductive diversityz] + Territoriality and parental careh,l09 + Diversity of eggs and clutches{5Z + Life historyK7E,Z + Vocalizations/yY + Scent signals4~k]( + Sexual dimorphismx + Characters for species distinctionG1 + ScalesA]vm;e + Finger and toe lamellaeyJ + Body size and proportionsO + Colour+6 + Crests and appendages> + Limb reductionoqL@c + Eyes);'W + Hemipeness\N + Threats, conservation, and future research"xa"N + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accounts~+`_ o AmphibianskSE + Dicroglossidaev SIb # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae":~e9 # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae;aLAU # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaesT # Paradoxophylai0 # Scaphiophryne=wbbT # DyscophusO;1 # Rhombophrynek # Madecassophryne, # Plethodontohyla7 # Stumpffia^{m # PlatypelisCSu<jZ # Cophylaw[s:RG # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidaeu.Fb6 # Boophis\qP}$a # Laliostoma)zAHw # Aglyptodactylus6 # BlommersiaT3c0 # WakeanJ, # Mantella= # GuibemantisMF5Y* # SpinomantisIo7 # Gephyromantisf=77 # Tsingymantisve%>n # Boehmantis-} # Mantidactylus
o ReptilesRJ, + Turtles67u8| # TestudinidaecTi! * Astrochelysp * Pyxis{ * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaeb * Erymnochelys
# PelomedusidaeC#gQ * Pelomedusa5B("%} * Pelusios
# DermochelyidaeqGO * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaeV0 * Caretta{*V * CheloniaD * Eretmochelyso) * Lepidochelys
+ CrocodilesZg # Crocodylidaehlr * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakes. # Chamaeleonidae{R;\lz * Brookesiaa_IZ' * CalummaW?W] * Furcifer
# IguanidaeT| * Oplurus'V-0i * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridaet6W * Zonosaurus5<kLO * Tracheloptychus
# ScincidaeO]7w * TrachylepisO%yu * CryptoblepharusUETE * Madascincusx?|,I * Amphiglossush> * Androngo}np*J * Sirenoscincus;'T * VoeltzkowiaSo * Cryptoscincusz/M9 * PygomelesEA0 * PseudoacontiasX * Paracontias
# Gekkonidaenl * BlaesodactylusvY * Geckolepis[! * Gehyra(2v * Hemidactylus_r * ParagehyravK * Matoatoa_cC- * Ebenaviasm!y` * ParoeduratdCs * UroplatusS * Lygodactylus`^; * Microscalabotes=K)Z * Phelsuma
# Boidaes7O * Sanzinia=}V * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)XT]'k * Madagascarophis@P * StenophisQ * Leioheterodon^T+ * Compsophis<B * Brygophis+Al * Alluaudina+o * Langaha9P * Ithycyphus7]- * PseudoxyrhopusJP .e * Heteroliodond * Exallodontophis^ * Pararhadinaea9NT * Liophidium]- * Liopholidophisra\ * BibilavaLu * Dromicodryas)hj[z^ * Mimophis
# TyphlopidaeG * RamphotyphlopszSH * Xenotyphlops+KJ! * Typhlops
# Elapidaew * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and species0i! * ReferencesM#RGM$ * Index0$
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