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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     7
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N ******q~[/HS ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ _ j$dk~ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 1x ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):5zZ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ zS ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.t5RT ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ G3G(+ [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡C@"Zl -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡C:[p(~& -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ï@ -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùN -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]w$ |"5 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ dW!OqP [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)yC|YEh ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 8 ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ K\= **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦sm^'=eC [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:~Y4( ?t6}6 oaT<= +4|?A ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ I.kj % Y ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]p'$yY3 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ thpV Contents[<vyf ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ rT * Contents0 * Prefacec]rkk * Acknowledgements3 * IntroductionmX^ o Geological history!7?p o Climate in the pastn o Fossil evidenceY/m o Colonization history of Madagascar@W o Climate and biogeographical zonationB o Flora:d o InvertebratesxY Uo o Freshwater fish$=.o* o Birdsc4*. o Mammals# o Bats(Ao o LemursWc` o Carnivoransx29 o TenrecsE3C o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptiles@|D o Amphibians-{ + Distribution and biogeography~E9G + Predation and anti-predator strategiesp<TD + Activity patterns*, + Life historyvjOh + Reproductive diversityN\dF + Territoriality and parental carePO4l + Diversity of eggs and clutches\Hm + Tadpole diversityGrU + Vocalizationsu{W\* + Sexual dimorphism{\k + Nuptial padsHW + Femoral glandslp Ir + Other glands and skin structuresac + Characters for species distinctionp\]@ + Colourationpy + Eyesy"oI:y + Skin>5d + Terminal finger discst4||m + Metatarsal tubercleso| + Lateral metatarsalia:B'j[ + Webbing(W + Hindlimb lengthlUKe$[ + Tympanumw + Body size" + Skeletal featuresg + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles9 + Distribution and biogeographys$O + NutritionAaMn + Predation and anti-predator strategies"^zua' + Activity patternsl + Reproductive diversitySyr}f + Territoriality and parental careQZ`hkW + Diversity of eggs and clutches's5 + Life historyn|* + VocalizationseXKFgX + Scent signals+k=7J + Sexual dimorphismvlb2|& + Characters for species distinction2W,Y + Scalesm4 + Finger and toe lamellae2 + Body size and proportionsL + Colourfe + Crests and appendages5Aw_O + Limb reductionm3 + Eyesa + Hemipenesj}"3q + Threats, conservation, and future research{VuGm! + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountsEA o AmphibiansD5b + Dicroglossidae/cw- # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidaeh1;(M3 # Ptychadena
+ HyperoliidaerGc9<E # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeEL # Paradoxophylaps # ScaphiophryneD)) # Dyscophus@d # Rhombophrynex # MadecassophrynehOwX\G # Plethodontohyla!{3Cat # Stumpffia. # PlatypelisWGAa; # Cophyla0ho # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidaeu_yO # Boophisylt+\Q # Laliostomat # AglyptodactylusxvD # Blommersia0_R # Wakeaz&OkB # Mantella:Y^-6 # Guibemantis+)U # SpinomantisaY^ # GephyromantisXH$W& # TsingymantisQSd%ib # Boehmantisg/ # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles>;f&RJ + TurtlesjB # Testudinidae' * Astrochelys; * PyxisDQ!3x/ * Kinixys
# Podocnemididae.D * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidae3NOL * PelomedusaQ\#mP * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidaee * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaeH * Caretta{M__ * CheloniasRfHW * Eretmochelys,/0+ * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodiles*jC # Crocodylidae(5?OG * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakes,r # Chamaeleonidaev1,FY * Brookesia" * CalummaS5?'C * Furcifer
# IguanidaewBJs * Oplurus]Ma * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae3v&evk * Zonosaurusc$FM * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidae:TYy&G * Trachylepisb * Cryptoblepharus- * Madascincush> * AmphiglossusvJKR| * AndrongoDp0- * Sirenoscincus:5<P * Voeltzkowia:N * Cryptoscincus4Q,$ * Pygomelese * Pseudoacontias %5uW * Paracontias
# GekkonidaedPW+ * BlaesodactylusT7c * Geckolepist * Gehyraw.iyFj * HemidactylusOm * ParagehyraVU}r,7 * Matoatoa\g * Ebenaviad+Fx+J * ParoedurayNm * Uroplatus2p * Lygodactylus4 * MicroscalabotesV * Phelsuma
# BoidaeHG4P * SanziniaW * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)'m6 * MadagascarophisRO22jP * Stenophis5 * Leioheterodon XqLL * CompsophisE NzE * Brygophis)$! * Alluaudina6{@ * Langaha1M * IthycyphusNG * Pseudoxyrhopusw` * Heteroliodon6&IX% * Exallodontophisgb; * PararhadinaeaA-y * LiophidiumjQ0l * Liopholidophisnu@" * BibilavaQ * Dromicodryas_D?) * Mimophis
# TyphlopidaeG=dk/ * Ramphotyphlops6O;"x * Xenotyphlopsb)% * Typhlops
# Elapidaebb * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesG * ReferencesP/^ * Index6@i
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