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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     C
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i<` ******I'L&? ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ exVk* ?8E-. ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ g E ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):&E ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ a~@n^3 ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.jc2 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ >_= [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡CPa( -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡Cb,t -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ï~Z -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùd`7 -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]I0 ~ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 8%s [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)z'6"s ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 0rzP ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ ^@s5R **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦svF!cMo [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:].bu uE" rIYsSF FBe@ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ a(Is! ( ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b];7r6k ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ /!?j5| Contents[D ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ $D} * ContentsaCc*#` * Prefacem_s4QQ * Acknowledgementsi%>t * IntroductionO0 o Geological historyz$]1c} o Climate in the past0xnj\ o Fossil evidence11 o Colonization history of Madagascaro#(", o Climate and biogeographical zonationZ o Flora>A o Invertebrates` o Freshwater fish4T o BirdsQYkM3 o Mammals$l o Bats+ o Lemurs(j@ o Carnivorans zZt0 o Tenrecs(+V o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptiles{| o Amphibians_Rpk + Distribution and biogeography2 + Predation and anti-predator strategiesRi*) + Activity patternstu + Life history<_m + Reproductive diversity(cq x8 + Territoriality and parental careD + Diversity of eggs and clutchesxq}2 + Tadpole diversityP- + Vocalizations@x9 + Sexual dimorphism>2 + Nuptial pads1(4TA + Femoral glandsoH<e$ + Other glands and skin structures?AwvW + Characters for species distinctionh| + ColourationtNsWZY + Eyes!@J + Skinv3; + Terminal finger discs(mgI#e + Metatarsal tubercles]HY + Lateral metatarsaliaMb, + Webbing!f}]jC + Hindlimb length) + Tympanum8^KV{: + Body sizeuBq"&B + Skeletal features_ + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles*86v + Distribution and biogeographyqmgd + Nutritionx b + Predation and anti-predator strategies8u38R + Activity patternsT.oQ0 + Reproductive diversity_C + Territoriality and parental carez@Z + Diversity of eggs and clutches. + Life historykqEze8 + Vocalizations)8"P + Scent signals6aQp " + Sexual dimorphismI + Characters for species distinctione` + Scales"Vl + Finger and toe lamellae" + Body size and proportions! + Coloure/X o + Crests and appendages6- + Limb reductionw + Eyes(= + HemipenesmwsI! + Threats, conservation, and future researcht|] + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountsY5wga o AmphibiansA< + Dicroglossidaey # Hoplobatrachus
+ PtychadenidaeK!"rk0 # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae8\`Q # Heterixalus
+ Microhylidaej7 # ParadoxophylaVt # ScaphiophryneL=^[,+ # Dyscophus`u+,Oy # Rhombophrynehy[~ # MadecassophryneQF_ # PlethodontohylaTA # StumpffiaD:+;d # Platypelis^])U0 # Cophylakr;' # Anodonthyla
+ MantellidaeE*nthT # Boophis-=oZ" # Laliostoma>Z#j] # Aglyptodactylus(} # BlommersiaS:nZ # Wakeas # Mantella` # GuibemantisO # Spinomantish#]vQ{ # Gephyromantisp)= # Tsingymantis4T6/s # Boehmantisz3[#$? # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles>nRI. + TurtlesI[EaV # Testudinidaesw7O * Astrochelysx2 uG( * PyxisG?#n * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaeg * Erymnochelys
# PelomedusidaeG * PelomedusaReSF]] * Pelusios
# DermochelyidaeTgi6H6 * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaepK,[m * Caretta+kM^ * Chelonia?+d0Fj * Eretmochelys-`Wcw * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodilesc # Crocodylidae+MM} * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakes)CJ{A # ChamaeleonidaeD,+\f * Brookesia9 * Calumma; * Furcifer
# Iguanidae"zAR# * OplurusdW' * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae9:ybr * ZonosaurusMv= * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidaeq%z"w * Trachylepisk;ILB * Cryptoblepharus; * Madascincus_W'9|} * Amphiglossus!@qT * AndrongoSQQ+ * Sirenoscincus{o9A$^ * Voeltzkowiac * CryptoscincuszPt_ * PygomelesT{aW * Pseudoacontiask{J * Paracontias
# Gekkonidae.;VT * Blaesodactylusp * Geckolepis= * Gehyrav * Hemidactylus;.+GfM * Paragehyra>br- * Matoatoa`vem * EbenaviaR * ParoeduraUdl_z * Uroplatusuu\eP * Lygodactylusg7* * Microscalabotestr * Phelsuma
# Boidae\ * SanziniaLw * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)>*k * Madagascarophis/G}"~ * Stenophis-IA * Leioheterodon(xG * CompsophisbGdJ+y * BrygophisJY'e * Alluaudinadcft * Langaha{Y * Ithycyphus8b * Pseudoxyrhopush * HeteroliodonuXVrll * ExallodontophisO=*,Bi * Pararhadinaea}iO% * Liophidium;0 * Liopholidophis6u * Bibilava<vrFf} * DromicodryasMcA * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae$s * Ramphotyphlops2 * Xenotyphlopsw;y * Typhlops
# Elapidae|L * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and species% * Referencesi>O-a * Indexy
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