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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     O*x>"
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'(I| ******q- ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ rx}~ v;{- ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ %DP ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):{ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ aP4SpF ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.4 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ( [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡CNe -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡CxN&=a -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ïp -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùL#W -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]_mn7ml 'ZqryF ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ v.z)m [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)Gc,(A ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Zl ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ MH& **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦sq [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:t 2a!? |8y 8, ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ MUYHe mUBf, ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]P6.uE ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ~Zvz Contents* ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ xs/&S * Contents" * Preface7frp * Acknowledgementsh1WT * Introduction\8cT@4 o Geological history*Eu?8 o Climate in the pastr* o Fossil evidenceDx_W o Colonization history of Madagascar~uCy\ o Climate and biogeographical zonationjitN o FloraiR o Invertebratesl$u, o Freshwater fish]" o BirdsG%E>C o Mammalsv;@_c o Bats/"Y/ o Lemurs+ o CarnivoransX}T o TenrecsT o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptilesc o Amphibians* + Distribution and biogeographyAA@S2P + Predation and anti-predator strategieswpD3h& + Activity patternse + Life historyx/04OW + Reproductive diversityk + Territoriality and parental care`,U5 + Diversity of eggs and clutches[`O + Tadpole diversityh9 + Vocalizations8iY + Sexual dimorphism3C>T2 + Nuptial padsXg]?Ps + Femoral glands}jjI@ + Other glands and skin structures?26h + Characters for species distinction8'K}\ + ColourationG#; + Eyes6|,k1 + Skin?.m + Terminal finger discsz< + Metatarsal tuberclessv4E+r + Lateral metatarsalia+@W^mM + WebbingQ + Hindlimb lengthhV, + TympanumE1JM + Body sizeyZ{8MZ + Skeletal features_w7 + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles67 + Distribution and biogeographyw-_@+H + Nutrition3Np + Predation and anti-predator strategies%d{ l + Activity patterns1!K \ + Reproductive diversity7dw + Territoriality and parental care|\~ + Diversity of eggs and clutches@D + Life historyFYT# + Vocalizations0EGL + Scent signals]{bgD + Sexual dimorphismk + Characters for species distinctiond15t] + ScalesjEQ!i + Finger and toe lamellaeZgsx + Body size and proportions;[dQ + Coloury> + Crests and appendagesaw + Limb reductioncH!Q#^ + Eyes`&+Z + Hemipenes<zg- + Threats, conservation, and future researchh + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accounts,' o Amphibians'Lm4 + DicroglossidaeO:U # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae\' # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae-gml1= # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeNHi # Paradoxophyla\);t # Scaphiophrynek"eq3 # Dyscophus0&4 # Rhombophryne+ # Madecassophryne` # Plethodontohyla3 # StumpffiaS # PlatypelisCay # Cophyla)S~ # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidael@p/ # Boophisb # Laliostoma{|QH>= # AglyptodactylusghC # Blommersia|#\*+ # WakeaQ{\ # Mantella%- # GuibemantisGFM:<9 # SpinomantisZf # Gephyromantis[M # Tsingymantisxk$ O] # BoehmantisMNBs # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles9KK,W; + Turtles|mG+ # TestudinidaeTrQ@$w * Astrochelys'J8!}U * PyxisI;{f * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaeu$lb@% * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidaexo( * PelomedusaDqp _ * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidaeb * Dermochelys
# Cheloniidae)O * Carettakl7c8k * Chelonia-e>{\ * EretmochelysTJ * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodilesye # CrocodylidaeE< * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesA* # Chamaeleonidae| * Brookesiaad~ * Calumma` * Furcifer
# IguanidaeC * OplurussLK * Chalarodon
# GerrhosauridaeSkd * ZonosaurusSb:;; * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidaeea!\{_ * TrachylepisyS]f * Cryptoblepharus"] iz * Madascincus4oq?~ * AmphiglossusHP0YVO * Androngo>"` * Sirenoscincus/zV * Voeltzkowia1 * CryptoscincustT * PygomelescY * Pseudoacontias4f/e * Paracontias
# GekkonidaeT3?O; * BlaesodactylusAE8~v * GeckolepisZd * GehyrathD * HemidactylusYRY0 * Paragehyralp * MatoatoaB * EbenaviaK`W * Paroedura]6rE * Uroplatuscm' * Lygodactylus_I!I&_ * Microscalabotes.J * Phelsuma
# BoidaeL1QO * SanziniaN0&?_ * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)m * MadagascarophisK$e7yJ * Stenophis|,; * LeioheterodonOu*, * Compsophis<Iq1_ * Brygophist'- * Alluaudina)S_ * Langaha?m * Ithycyphusd+mXo7 * Pseudoxyrhopus'Pf * Heteroliodon%%Y * ExallodontophisE<- * PararhadinaeaIp2 * Liophidiumni" * Liopholidophis6}_ * BibilavasZj)% * Dromicodryasb{ * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae:m * RamphotyphlopswQQND * Xenotyphlops{86_y * Typhlops
# Elapidae &W * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and species~1/ * ReferencesXX * IndexXWdJI
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