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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     z~Pl(2
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`@ ******Wg2e ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 4aH{& g ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 3dsL ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):or+Y ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ c|n ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.F ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ m [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡C'2oJQ -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡Cl!f -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹ÏO4 -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ù^d0R9z -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]kS V*}4 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ vz. [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)R`q, ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ |r ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ 0 **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦sY5}T [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:N h K2 {m5 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 'nT a|fp ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b][Ec'U ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ hh`Z Contentse4 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Du|&c * Contents&F[ * Prefaceh!m#/C * Acknowledgementsq}`"yz * Introduction; o Geological historyZ>F)o) o Climate in the past7v:1\ o Fossil evidenceQ( o Colonization history of Madagascar=Ag o Climate and biogeographical zonation^ o FloraC.y}Bc o Invertebratesd o Freshwater fishL o Birdss=b` o Mammals0:a1 o Batsi o LemursRQ$'Od o Carnivorans3R o TenrecsY c o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and ReptileskX7) o Amphibians2@:~ + Distribution and biogeography@r7QfW + Predation and anti-predator strategies{U + Activity patterns%L=m + Life history6~2` + Reproductive diversity:)@c# + Territoriality and parental caret}, + Diversity of eggs and clutchesbN`/Os + Tadpole diversityS& + Vocalizations e~BT3 + Sexual dimorphismA2GW?K + Nuptial pads]x + Femoral glandsGL0 + Other glands and skin structures# + Characters for species distinctionZ26+GP + Colouration!l + Eyes1 + SkinS\,RN@ + Terminal finger discs[_?U|O + Metatarsal tuberclesCk+e) + Lateral metatarsaliamqlS@Z + WebbingmR + Hindlimb lengthwv!+ + Tympanum@!*C + Body sizek%1 + Skeletal featuresmPS)-b + Threats, conservation, and future research
o ReptilesNM5{ + Distribution and biogeography[ + Nutrition^9v$B + Predation and anti-predator strategies{\ZZ&1 + Activity patternsq;~aP' + Reproductive diversity6l + Territoriality and parental careUYn1. + Diversity of eggs and clutchesw=Mz6 + Life historyw9I^&[ + VocalizationsR + Scent signalscy_ + Sexual dimorphismZ + Characters for species distinction{m*! + ScalesLl + Finger and toe lamellaeR9B\ + Body size and proportionswTV7@* + ColourE6Nf# + Crests and appendagesF`3M + Limb reductionMeyC]< + Eyes]sh/TC + HemipenesWF + Threats, conservation, and future researchv(8Q\# + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountszL o AmphibianskN-Q + Dicroglossidaeb&'| # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidaefv%{* # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae( # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeL;Z< # ParadoxophylaQ6 # Scaphiophryne%YSD # Dyscophus7; # RhombophrynetgL>h # Madecassophryne+gxn"~ # PlethodontohylaCh # Stumpffia2\2# # Platypelis/]bwz # Cophyla,sECk # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidae1-7{ # Boophise8COiK # LaliostomaA@ # AglyptodactylusfuC~Y # BlommersiaA./X # Wakeaav # MantellaE # Guibemantissh # SpinomantisnG{B # GephyromantisGpj" # Tsingymantis" # BoehmantisiL # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles}#,c- + Turtlesxa3+ # Testudinidaee}\ * Astrochelys|MI7 * Pyxisy * Kinixys
# PodocnemididaeX4 * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidael19 * Pelomedusa&>[NH_ * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidaef7o&; * Dermochelys
# Cheloniidae< * Carettaz> * Chelonia('Dbz * Eretmochelysr%oC_7 * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodiles&YA1& # Crocodylidae9<A{Vw * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesw # ChamaeleonidaeLgqHR[ * BrookesiaAX^#K * Calummai * Furcifer
# Iguanidae< * Oplurus,$ * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae3 * Zonosauruscp * Tracheloptychus
# ScincidaeEr>=W} * Trachylepis1ITBoO * CryptoblepharusM3Dz * MadascincusA$^';F * Amphiglossus|O~uW: * Androngo4Q8&Y * Sirenoscincus9O4dj{ * VoeltzkowiaM/+!R * Cryptoscincus0KJ * Pygomeles* * PseudoacontiasVVp2 * Paracontias
# Gekkonidae;|Cl * Blaesodactylus:\ * Geckolepis_m+jX * GehyramPL*\ * HemidactylusM7 * Paragehyra"`Zw%R * MatoatoaA * Ebenavia-:gU[ * Paroedurai * Uroplatusu<p> * Lygodactylusc*\{F{ * Microscalabotes`V\$s * Phelsuma
# BoidaeZMXFv: * SanziniaI * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)4W?C%- * Madagascarophisvgn * StenophisT[a * LeioheterodonD * Compsophis^lj * Brygophiskc {oR * Alluaudina2Bl * LangahaX*g * Ithycyphus-3B * Pseudoxyrhopus+ * Heteroliodon * Exallodontophist'dH * Pararhadinaea9y=`[` * Liophidium7M * Liopholidophis!JY * Bibilavav * DromicodryasMlg# * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae-t;8 * Ramphotyphlops/! * Xenotyphlops^]v * Typhlops
# Elapidaen * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesC+;5Vm * References]>0 * IndexW
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