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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     P=J
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< ******0 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ @~s e ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ lE"r|k ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):. ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ kn,\s ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.-<TA ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ K- [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡Cc4CZ -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡CD -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ït -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ù\ -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]O X9W< ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ l [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)`{8#Sx ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ e1' ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ Kv;4I, **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s/'BOx [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:djf3 5S *}Tx[k =e[S7 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 39 fr+T*_ ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]6#W_T| ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 'dtF ContentsYv ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ @K* * ContentsO8K% * Preface q@< * Acknowledgementstt * IntroductionTeG o Geological history2 o Climate in the pastsK+f o Fossil evidencex)Tl o Colonization history of MadagascarEHU o Climate and biogeographical zonation;g o Flora[-s3u o Invertebrates;K o Freshwater fishO o Birdsd#4c.D o Mammals0S[dz0 o BatsO9V0L o LemursWY|G o Carnivorans#}|o1 o Tenrecss5 o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptiles$ o AmphibiansV + Distribution and biogeography7wM- + Predation and anti-predator strategiessd + Activity patternsK + Life historyRy7u + Reproductive diversityr:` + Territoriality and parental care8\#dO' + Diversity of eggs and clutchess5& + Tadpole diversityT3]~: + Vocalizationsd8 + Sexual dimorphismA~a0u+ + Nuptial padsU6c + Femoral glands. + Other glands and skin structures+{<(\+ + Characters for species distinctionZ + Colouration5 F% + Eyes=-*| + SkinN + Terminal finger discsGK4T + Metatarsal tuberclesVmuUjF + Lateral metatarsalialG + WebbingP{KdE + Hindlimb lengthg+ + TympanumFvEx + Body sizeP + Skeletal featuresl2 + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles/V + Distribution and biogeography5 + Nutrition\&FAS + Predation and anti-predator strategies} + Activity patternsOJ'5) + Reproductive diversityhSb + Territoriality and parental careV?SB* + Diversity of eggs and clutchesTv + Life history`}"aYV + VocalizationsyzbB[ + Scent signals\=5} + Sexual dimorphismG2AA8 + Characters for species distinctionL'q]9f + ScalesJ + Finger and toe lamellae'gza + Body size and proportions7;Ti,~ + Colour{0 + Crests and appendagesrh^ + Limb reductionbiJexx + Eyes*E + Hemipenes_-?R^z + Threats, conservation, and future research\BK{{ + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountsIA(331 o Amphibians_W/>fp + Dicroglossidae0I|i # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae! # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae&m%d8 # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeC # ParadoxophylaV}7; # ScaphiophryneP # DyscophusR-~ # RhombophrynegG>A~G # Madecassophryne8=/ # Plethodontohylab2Ya # Stumpffia,c # PlatypelisQZy,> # Cophyla(f) # Anodonthyla
+ MantellidaeloQwr # BoophishN7 # Laliostoma)JeaI) # Aglyptodactylus?Isv6 # Blommersia62 # Wakea*t[( # MantellaD-|)f$ # Guibemantisu )' # SpinomantisYZ,XJe # Gephyromantis^x+{ # Tsingymantis6|3D # BoehmantisnE8(V # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles+ + TurtlesytX% # Testudinidaeq^|b< * Astrochelys!H * PyxisI1 * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaei * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidaex0~} * PelomedusaW@ * Pelusios
# DermochelyidaemSdR * Dermochelys
# Cheloniidae% * Carettaga * CheloniaUcq$Ti * EretmochelysEyE * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodiles$mDL* # Crocodylidae5e&d0 * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakes]e;+ # Chamaeleonidae2ji * BrookesiatB7 * CalummaLF`q> * Furcifer
# Iguanidae&)CTu * Oplurus}l(b7 * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae-l<_S * ZonosaurushqPT * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidae; * Trachylepissi" * CryptoblepharusM * MadascincusI?C * Amphiglossusy * Androngoz<pF, * Sirenoscincus--{ * Voeltzkowiai?mT; * CryptoscincusdY9s * Pygomelescig ?< * PseudoacontiasP * Paracontias
# Gekkonidaeh * Blaesodactylus<iN * Geckolepis^ * GehyratXjG_W * Hemidactylus,j * Paragehyra_Mgba * MatoatoaB * Ebenavia5[D * Paroedura+I8 * UroplatusT|Q1d` * Lygodactylusk * Microscalabotes`itT\t * Phelsuma
# BoidaeDzc * SanziniaX>nB^ * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato):|M`!B * MadagascarophiskX(d * Stenophisa'L * Leioheterodon{ * Compsophis{ * Brygophis2@Sw * AlluaudinaNY0 * Langaha- * Ithycyphus`3E& * Pseudoxyrhopus0*V * HeteroliodonR * Exallodontophisvq# * PararhadinaeaH[d- * Liophidium&n,U * Liopholidophis/eGFv * Bibilavalv * Dromicodryas+WI= * Mimophis
# TyphlopidaeoL+sgY * Ramphotyphlops0~i * Xenotyphlopsjo * Typhlops
# Elapidae\Wn@T * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesm?yShA * ReferencesgY * Index-
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