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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     {_
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ida5( ******)io9A ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ r w4QTB ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ {*#q ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):2G ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ HQ6{ ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.|, ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ q [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡Cy, -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡CJQdM -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ï@H/q -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ù02D -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]_s&5} K ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ h; [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)J= ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ I ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ w$L,O! **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦sZwDDG [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:6_Y r3)5 Fj{ 1<Z!|: ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ iaj 0[@7+ ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]~jQ* ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ l" Contentsk<(-5h ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ d * Contents3GKAi * PrefaceutI(V * Acknowledgementskd#Rw* * IntroductionkMaX o Geological historyw[cX o Climate in the pastg8e&IY o Fossil evidenceH o Colonization history of Madagascar[[ o Climate and biogeographical zonationybr"I] o Flora)(,E"{ o Invertebrates''Mr- o Freshwater fishr_#"~ o BirdsQUI o Mammals}%>&u} o BatsvE o Lemurs}? o Carnivorans~ o Tenrecsk o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptilesx o Amphibians\ + Distribution and biogeography6G8?- + Predation and anti-predator strategies sQ%'x + Activity patterns< + Life history@K + Reproductive diversity` + Territoriality and parental care19) + Diversity of eggs and clutches8u/ + Tadpole diversityZpYA' + Vocalizations2*uK[ + Sexual dimorphismHd#w@ + Nuptial padsAq Gst + Femoral glandsC"m + Other glands and skin structuresY + Characters for species distinctionSm0Z + ColourationHxs + Eyes6D + Skin/C"0 + Terminal finger discsb + Metatarsal tubercles~!- + Lateral metatarsaliana + WebbingO's + Hindlimb lengthJ=+gDo + TympanumB! + Body sizew" + Skeletal featuresu@ + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptilesu` + Distribution and biogeography' + NutritionDF,NP + Predation and anti-predator strategiesWuhEi + Activity patternsp#xRA + Reproductive diversityg?*. + Territoriality and parental carelw, + Diversity of eggs and clutchesL + Life historytxNH + VocalizationsvXJ35 + Scent signalsREQR4J + Sexual dimorphism/. + Characters for species distinctionGbj0xf + Scaless,b + Finger and toe lamellae@g + Body size and proportionsre]AV8 + Colour4X + Crests and appendagesL? + Limb reduction\V" + EyesK5+@T + HemipenesF$H}S + Threats, conservation, and future researchRV7 + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accounts@J` o Amphibians\R]! + Dicroglossidae# # Hoplobatrachus
+ PtychadenidaebL # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae13]O # Heterixalus
+ Microhylidae+Lg-H( # Paradoxophyla{ # Scaphiophryner # Dyscophus)jEYAT # Rhombophrynei@='l # MadecassophryneQ5 # Plethodontohyla2>` # StumpffiaWE? # Platypelis$L!GL # Cophyla878 # Anodonthyla
+ MantellidaeY-c_ # Boophis+N*^$p # LaliostomaN[hsGC # AglyptodactylushlqtyG # BlommersiaL' # Wakea$B # MantellaA # Guibemantis}K->8 # Spinomantis+p[! # Gephyromantis'>{ # Tsingymantis1@w # BoehmantisfVD4r* # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles9/E:I + TurtlesU: # TestudinidaeMJV$ * Astrochelys#_y{ * Pyxisgj * Kinixys
# PodocnemididaeR*6 * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidaep3X6 * Pelomedusa * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidaen} * Dermochelys
# Cheloniidae@}vqWQ * Caretta#Y|oR * Chelonia2[#q * Eretmochelys1|u> * Lepidochelys
+ CrocodilesbxV # Crocodylidael6)w * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesU3LM # ChamaeleonidaegOg * BrookesialQ+3" * Calummarh/# * Furcifer
# Iguanidaep * OplurusVAXi * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae=fmKWC * Zonosaurus1*! * Tracheloptychus
# ScincidaeC2 * Trachylepisp * CryptoblepharusDbIl * Madascincusm-qv8 * Amphiglossus&3X=* * Androngo\ * SirenoscincusPe9z+ * Voeltzkowia#8<U * Cryptoscincusm3Z * PygomelescVKlF- * PseudoacontiasNj`fJ- * Paracontias
# Gekkonidae%TB8 * Blaesodactylus]i|$ * Geckolepis#q<gDu * Gehyra!cK * HemidactylusAj40}y * Paragehyra"2 * Matoatoazr * Ebenavia9*2F * ParoeduraRHsx#- * Uroplatus2 * Lygodactylusk,' * Microscalabotesb?~KY * Phelsuma
# Boidae1,/ * Sanziniateq * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)S * Madagascarophis3>@>_ * Stenophis@G * Leioheterodon% * Compsophis}3<HST * BrygophiskC2;vy * AlluaudinaG3 * Langaha2 * IthycyphusZ"BCvF * Pseudoxyrhopus! * Heteroliodon3oK) * Exallodontophis0.fX * PararhadinaeaT * LiophidiumF)tH& * Liopholidophis_'! * Bibilava4PI%Y * Dromicodryas33 * Mimophis
# TyphlopidaeP"4 * Ramphotyphlops7 * XenotyphlopszgFMRl * Typhlops
# Elapidae{2<%- * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesws * ReferencesOI8 * Indexf+
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