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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     QX*t?7
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J{1K ******8xm(B ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ , hSx?( ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ cJ:O ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):{Q>^{' ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ <:[Cs ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.wr'` ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ^&_&H [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡C)2,/SG -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡C/G!Mh -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹ÏX#n)s, -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùa -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]G6 Er%~c ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ yW@"@ [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)F%d9 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ q ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ &P,9 **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s %HSjJ [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:% sNz2 $J}1l B% ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ )p F|UK6? ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]q<`o ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ K}6 ContentsXb ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ y9W1Le * Contents[ * PrefacewjpMy * Acknowledgements5M<; * IntroductionBC40P o Geological historyc o Climate in the pastO^R o Fossil evidence"]a o Colonization history of MadagascarZ o Climate and biogeographical zonationq o Flora[ o Invertebratessx o Freshwater fish] B@a o Birds o Mammals\a7,*( o Bats11z o Lemurs,rikw? o CarnivoransDN)qdZ o TenrecsQw o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and ReptilesIC o Amphibians]iJ + Distribution and biogeographyGN + Predation and anti-predator strategiesw@: + Activity patterns&& + Life history{ai" + Reproductive diversityN$@{ + Territoriality and parental careXdor + Diversity of eggs and clutches]kp- + Tadpole diversityvo3 + Vocalizations*/%: + Sexual dimorphismtJQ{}4 + Nuptial padsL + Femoral glands@fbboF + Other glands and skin structures~+z + Characters for species distinctionAd + Colouration: + EyesJ**" + Skin$pz;. + Terminal finger discsd}|`c} + Metatarsal tuberclesr"Y + Lateral metatarsalia(p{ + Webbingvgco + Hindlimb lengtha + Tympanum.5oB + Body size(1.!+ + Skeletal features8 + Threats, conservation, and future research
o ReptilesdDB + Distribution and biogeographyoL + Nutrition{_ + Predation and anti-predator strategies'es + Activity patternsPKy + Reproductive diversityF]y/9C + Territoriality and parental care]7r(Dv + Diversity of eggs and clutchesaVX + Life historyKsE_4 + Vocalizations_R + Scent signalsUI + Sexual dimorphism;@P + Characters for species distinction'^|th + Scales*2)cI + Finger and toe lamellaef=Vd + Body size and proportions^ + Colour2 + Crests and appendagesPy? + Limb reductioneUy, + EyesXkz= + Hemipenes!SJ: + Threats, conservation, and future research#Q@FAw + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountsTcjm o Amphibians[ + Dicroglossidae5Qi8* # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidaep)=X # Ptychadena
+ HyperoliidaeWDV # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeqP # Paradoxophyla/%6( # ScaphiophrynebQ:71T # DyscophusNntij # Rhombophryne}{)Y\Y # Madecassophrynex1 # Plethodontohylaq~}/ # Stumpffia;B\]X # Platypelis(lY> # Cophyla& # Anodonthyla
+ MantellidaeNgk2q # BoophisaL* # Laliostomav== # Aglyptodactylusf # Blommersia Ydzv # Wakeak # MantellaxP/ # Guibemantis2Gedd # Spinomantisi?D' # Gephyromantis8 # Tsingymantis$f" # BoehmantisH% # Mantidactylus
o ReptilesqJ + Turtles)_ # Testudinidae%[#o * Astrochelys-Ql * Pyxis/Z * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaeo * Erymnochelys
# PelomedusidaevH*w * PelomedusaS< * Pelusios
# DermochelyidaeY5'q * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaeL=dSIC * Carettad>5m * CheloniaedlP> * Eretmochelyst?p * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodilesj # Crocodylidaer;VR8 * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesF:cFk # Chamaeleonidae_| * Brookesia|Yx+w * CalummaR+; * Furcifer
# Iguanidae9{P1$ * OplurusP(aC:Z * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridaec * Zonosaurus * Tracheloptychus
# ScincidaeQ>gex3 * Trachylepis:E&JTj * Cryptoblepharus\G\ * Madascincus$7)&_ * Amphiglossus)7 * AndrongoNa_hg * SirenoscincusLiF]&W * Voeltzkowia@"5G@8 * Cryptoscincusuf * PygomelesV * Pseudoacontiasqd30 * Paracontias
# Gekkonidaexk * Blaesodactylusn$6Gt * Geckolepis,GR* * Gehyra\ * Hemidactylusk * ParagehyraU{UK * Matoatoa, * Ebenaviaq * Paroedura,7 * UroplatusYZ`g * Lygodactylusx'(k * MicroscalabotesT{`Lk * Phelsuma
# Boidae+ZYQ% * Sanzinia@ * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)m * MadagascarophisR}/dO` * Stenophis=v_9t * LeioheterodonBMe * CompsophisXjLkk4 * Brygophis1#U0C * Alluaudina, * Langaha}{6N0w * Ithycyphus?%:y * Pseudoxyrhopusz * Heteroliodonb1k$76 * ExallodontophisJ|:/I * Pararhadinaear0LA * Liophidiumj.F * Liopholidophise'*1W * Bibilavad * Dromicodryas| * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae~ * RamphotyphlopsfM8h * Xenotyphlops7V * Typhlops
# Elapidae" * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesCs * ReferencesD`bH= * Index^rj"et
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