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§Ú±q¥Á°ê91¦~8¤ë26¤é¨ì12¤ë10¤é¦b¤¤¬ü¬wªºô´µ¤j¾¤®a¤W¤@ӾǴÁªº½Ò. ³oÓ Undergraduate Semester Abroad Program ¬O Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS) ©M Duke University ¦@¦P¥D¿ìªº. ¤@¦@×¥|°ó½Ò: Fundamentals of Tropical Biology, Field Research in Tropical Biology, Environmental Science and Policy of the Tropics, Spanish and Latin American Culture. °Ñ¥[¤Hû¦³¤G¤Q¦ì¾Ç¥Í©M¥|¦ì±Ð±Â. ¾Ç¥Í¤j¦h¼Æ¬O¬ü°ê¤H, ¦³¨â¦ì¬O·í¦aªº¾Ç¥Í. ¦³®ÉÔ¦³½Ð·í¦aªºÁ¿®v©M±Ð±Â¬°§Ṳ́W«O¨|ªº½Òµ{ (¦p°ê®a¤½¶é, ¥ï¤ì, ®üÀt, »¿¼, ¦³¾÷©@°Ø, ¬õ¾ðªLµ¥¸ÜÃD), ¤]¦³¤»¦ì¯S§O½Ð¨Ó±a»â§ÚÌ°µ¬ã¨sªº±Ð±Â (±Mªø¤À§O¬O´Óª«, ©øÂÎ, ³¾Ãþ, ª«ºØ¤§¶¡ªº interactions, ½b¬rµì, ©M½¿½»). ô´µ¤j¾¤®a¬O¤¤¬üªv¦w³Ì¦nªº°ê®a¤§¤@, ¤]¬O¥xÆWªº¨¹¥æ°ê, ¤£¹L¤p°½«D±`¦h. °ê®a¤g¦a¤ñ¥xÆWÁÙ¤Ö, ¤£¹L¤p¤pªº°ê®a«o§t¦³¦hºØ¤£¦Pªº¥ÍºAÀô¹Ò. §ÚÌ¥hªº¦aÂI´N§t»\¤F sandy beach, open seasonal marsh, mangrove swamp, swamp forest, tropical dry forest, lowland wet forest, subtropical moist forest, lower montane rain ("cloud") forest, montane oak forest, ¤Î®ü©Þ³Ì°ªªº paramo. °ê®a«O¨|°µªº¤£¿ù, ¦³¤T¥÷¤§¤@ªº¤g¦a¬OÄÝ©ó°ê®a¤½¶é©Î«OÅ@°Ï. ¥i±¤ªº¬O, ô´µ¤j¾¤®aªº¶}µo¤w¸g«D±`ªº¹ý©³. ¥¦´¿¸g¬O¥@¬É¤W«BªL¬å¥ï³Ì§Öªº°ê®a, ¦p¤µ°ê®a¤½¶é¤Î«OÅ@°Ï¥H¥~´X¥G¨S¦³ì©lªL¤F. ô´µ¤j¾¤®a¥u¤À°®©u©MÀã©u. °®©u¤j¬ù¬O¤@¨ì¤¤ë, ¨ä¾lÄÝ©óÀã©u. ô´µ¤j¾¤®an±Ä¶°¥ô¦ó°Ê´Óª«³£¥²¶·¥Ó½Ð±Ä¶°ÃÒ (§Ú̦³©øÂΤδӪ«ªº±Ä¶°ÃÒ). ¤j²³¥æ³q¤u¨ã«Ü¤è«K. ´X¥G¨º¸Ì³£¦³¤½¨®¨ì¹F, ¨®²¼¤]«Ü«K©y. ¥H¤U¬O¤ñ¸û¸Ô²Óªº¤¶²Ð§ÚÌ©Ò¦³¥hªº¦aÂI.O=(`u ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ :k]c Heredia (8/26-27, 9/1-22)GAY]n Â÷º³£ San Jose ¤j¬ù¤@¤p®Éªº¨®µ{, ®ü©Þ 1000 ¤½¤Ø¥ª¥kªº¤@Ó³£¥«. §Ú̦b³o¸Ì¦í¤TÓ§«ô¤W¦è¯Z¤ú¤å½Ò. ¦b¤½¶é©M®Õ¶é¸Ì¦³±`¨£ªº³¾, ¤£¹L¥Ñ©óªþªñ¤s©Y¦a³£ºØº¡¤F©@°Ø, ¨S¤°»ò©øÂÎ. ªþªñ¦³«Ü¬üªº Braulio Carrillo National Park, ¤£¹LÅ¥»¡¨«¦b¤j°¨¸ô¤W·|³Q·m§T. °ê®a¤½¶é¤ºªº Barva Volcano ¤ñ¸û¦w¥þ, ¤£¹L§Ú§¤pµ{¨®¥h®É³Q¸Ó¦ºªº¥q¾÷°½¨«§Úªº®Ñ¥] (¸Ì±¦³»ùȶW¹L¤@¤d¬ü¤¸ªº±æ»·Ãè, ¬Û¾÷, ®Ñ¥»µ¥µ¥).6 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 2 Monteverde & Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserves (9/7-8)4m ®ü©Þ¤j¬ù 1500 ¤½¤Ø, ¬OµÛ¦Wªº¥ÍºA®È¹CÆ[¥úÂI, ³]¬I¤S¦h¤S§¹µ½, «O¦³¤j¤ùªºì©lªL, ªL¬Û¬O lower montane rain ("cloud") forest. ·í¦a¾É¹C´¼ÃÑÂ×´I, ¨S¬Ý¨ì³Ì¦³¦Wªº Resplendent Quetzel ©M Three-wattled Bellbird, ¤£¹L¦UºØ³¥¥Í°Êª«³£«D±`¦h. ¤j°¨¸ô¤W¦³¹³¾»jµï (tarantula) ¦b³}. ¥[ªo¯¸ªº¤é¥ú¿O¤Uµo²{ªø´u¥ÀÂÎ, ¤j«¬¤Ñ¤û, µR¨¤ª÷Àt, ¤ÑÅú¸¿µ¥¤@°ïÂÎ. ¥[ªo¯¸«á±¦³¤@±ø¸ô³q©¹¤@®a®ÈÀ], ¸ô¤W¶À¦âªº¿O¤Î®ÈÀ]«eªº¤ô»È¿O©øÂ㣫D±`¦h. Å¥»¡³o¸Ì¤]¦³¤j¶H."j-n>3 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ QU Manuel Antonio National Park (9/14-15)aR ¤¤¦è©¤, ®üÅy¶W¯Å¬ü, ¤]¦³¨Ç¬õ¾ðªL. ¬OÃxÁ{µ´ºØªº Red-backed Squirrel Monkey ³Ì«á¨âÓ±Ú¸s¤§¤@, ¤£¹L§Ú¨S¬Ý¨ì. Brown-throated Three-toed Sloth ªº¼Æ¶q¦hªºÅå¤H. ¦³¤£¤Ö¤é¦æ©Êªø±o¹³»ñ½ºªº¸¿ (Urania fulgens).@EoAJ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Cj1)}0 Carara National Park (9/22)I]qi ¦ì©ó¦è©¤«BªL»P°®ªLªº¥æ±µ³B, ¦³«Üì©lªº´ËªL. ¨C¤Ñ¦¤W¦³¬õª÷èÆxÄM (Scarlet Macaw) ±q¬õ¾ðªL¸¨ì°ê®a¤½¶é¸Ì, «Ü§§Æ[. À³¸Ó¦³ Green and Black Poison-dart Frog, ¤£¹L¨S§ä¨ì./ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ~S?^Vg La Selva Biological Station (8/28-31, 11/1-22))*k'h- OTS ³Ì¤jªº¬ã¨s¯¸. ¦bªF¥_¤è, ºò¾F Braulio Carrillo National Park, ®ü©Þ¤j¦h¦b 100 ¤½¤Ø¥H¤U. Àô¹Ò¬O lowland wet forest, ¤j³¡¥÷¬Oì©lªL, ¤]¦³¤@³¡¥÷¦¸¥ÍªL. ½¹½ººØÃþ«D±`¦h (¥]¬A¦³¦Wªº Morpho spp., ¿ßÀYÆN, ³z¯Í½ºµ¥), ¤]¦³³\¦h©_²§ªºÁ®½¸, în蟖, Á½¸µ¥. ³o¸Ì¦³ªø´u¤]¦³¤j¶H, ¤£¹L©u¸`¥i¯à¤£¹ï. ¨B¹D¤W¦³¬[¤@±i¥Õ¥¬©M¶Â¿OºÞ, §Ú¦Û¤v¤]¨CӱߤW¦b¦U³BÂI¿O (¤]¬O¥Î¶Â¿OºÞ), ¤£¹L´N¬O¨S¦³ªø´u©Î¤j¶H! §Ú¦b¤@·ø¤é¥ú¿O¤U§ì¨ì¤@°¦ªøÁu¤Ñ¤û (Harlequin Beetle), ¤@¦ì¦P¾Ç¦b¤@´Ê¾ð¤W§ì¨ì¤@°¦¦n¤jªº¦N¤BÂÎ. ¥i·Rªº Strawberry Poison-dart Frog «D±`´¶¹M, ·Ë¬y¸Ì¦³ Spectacled Caiman, Green Basilisk ¤Î Black Wood Turtle, ¾ð¤W¤]¦³ Boa Constrictor ¤Î«Ü¦h Green Iguana, ÁÙ¦³«Ü¦h¨ä¥Lªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂÎÃþ.bmWO#L ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ f}`zB Santa Rosa National Park (9/23-10/10)eJP2 ô´µ¤j¾¤®a²Ä¤@Ó°ê®a¤½¶é, «OÅ@ªº¬O³Ñ¤£¨ì 1% ªº tropical dry forest. ³oºØªL¬ÛÀã©u©M°®©uªº®t²§«D±`ªº¤j, Å¥»¡Àã©uªìªº©øÂγ̦h. §Ú̪ºª×©Ðªþªñ¤é¥ú¿O«Ü¦h, §Ú¤]¦³¬[°_¶Â¿OºÞ, §l¤Þ¨Óªº©øÂΫD±`¥iÆ[. ³Ì¯S§Oªº¬OÀYªø±o¹³Æs³½ªº¤@ºØþÂÍ. À\ÆU«e±¦³¤@´Ê¾ðªº¾ð*¤W¦³¦n¦h¦N¤BÂΪ¦¤Wª¦¤U, ¤£¹L¨ḛʧ@¸ò»aÃǤ@¼ËÆF±Ó. §Ú¦b¦P¤@´Ê¾ð¤]§ì¨ì¤@°¦µµ¦âªº¦©ÀYÂÎ. ©Ð¶¡¸Ì¤]±`¥X²{µL§ÀÃ@ÃÈ (Amblypygid) ¤Î¥i©ÈªºÃȤl. °ê®a¤½¶é¤º¦³¨âÓ®üÅy, ¨º¸Ì¦³¤@ºØ¤Ö¨£ªº Five-keeled Spiny-tailed Iguana. ¨ä¤¤¤@Ó®üÅy¨CӤ볣·|¦bµuµu´X¤Ñ¤º, ¦³¦n´X¤Q¸U°¦ Olive Ridley Sea Turtle ¤W©¤²£§Z (³o²{¶HºÙ¬° arribada). ¦ý¬O¥Ñ©ó¸ô³~»»»· («B©u¨®¤lµLªk¨«), §ÚÌ¥u¥h¥t¥~¤@Ó®üÅyª±¤ô. ¦³¤@¦ì¬ã¨s³Dªº±Ð±ÂÁÙ§ì¨ì¤@±ø«Ü¤jªº Tropical Rattlesnake.S;QXH ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ v$N&W Rincon de la Vieja National Park (10/10-12)% ¤@ӫܬüªº°ê®a¤½¶é, ¸Ì±¦³®y¤õ¤sÁÙ¦³«Ü¦h·Å¬u. ®ü©Þ¤j¬ù 1500 ¤½¤Ø, ¤j¦h¬O¥j¦Ñªº subtropical moist forest. §Ú̦í¦bÂ÷°ê®a¤½¶é¤¤½¨½ªº¤@®a®ÈÀ], ªþªñ³£¥u¦³¦¸¥ÍªL. ®ÈÀ]ªù¤f¦³¤@·ø¤ô»È¿O, »E¶°¤F¦n´X°¦¨Ó¦Y©øÂΪº Pacific Screech-Owl. §Ú¸ò¦P¾Ç¦b¨º¸Ìµo²{¤F¤°¦¤j¶H, ¤£¹L³£¬O¥Àªº. ©¹°ê®a¤½¶éªº¸ô¤W¦³Ó¹³¬O·Òªo¼t¤§ÃþªºªF¦è. ¦b¤@Ó«Ü°ªªºÅK¶ð¤W¦³¦n¦h·ø¶W«Gªº¤ô»È¿O. ¤£¹L¦³µP¤lĵ§i»¡¤£ã¶i¤J, ©Ò¥H§Ų́S¥h¨º¸Ì´M§ä©øÂÎ (¯u¥i±¤§r!)."/ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ %}L Ostional Wildlife Refuge (10/12-15)emu ¦ì©ó Nicoya ¥b®qªº¤Ó¥¬v©¤, ³o¬O°£¤F Santa Rosa National Park ¥H¥~¥t¤@Ó¦³ arribada ²{¶Hªº®üÅy. ¥i±¤¨ºÓ¤ëªº arribada µo¥Íªº¤ñ¥L̹w®Æªº¦, ©Ò¥H§ÚÌ¥h®É¤w¸g¹L¤F. §ÚÌÁÙ¬O¦³¬Ý¨ì¹s¬Pªº®üÀt¤W©¤²£§Z, ¤£¹LÅ¥»¡¸ò arribada ¤ñ°_¨Ó®t¤Ó¦h¤F. ®üÅy¤W¦³³\¦hªê¥ÒÂÎ, §Ú¤]¬Ý¨ì¤@°¦¶W¬üªºß潺.)h6 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ * Palo Verde National Park & Biological Station (10/15-19)bO% ³o¤]¬O OTS ªº¤TÓ¬ã¨s¯¸¤§¤@, Àô¹Ò¬O tropical dry forest ¤Î open seasonal marsh. °A¤l«Ü¥i©È. ¦³¤@¤Ñ¦¤Wµo²{¤@°¦ª÷Äݺñªº¤j«¬¤Ñ¤û°±¦b´Z©Òªº¯½µ¡¤W, ¤£¹L§ì°_¨Ó©ç·Ó®É¤£¤p¤ßÅý¨e¸¨«¤F! ¤@¦ì¦P¾Ç¦bªá¤W¼´¨ì¤£¤Öºñ¦âªºª÷Àt¤l.`g/mm+ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 3nE| Corcovado National Park (10/20-27)fA_n ³o¬O§Ú̪º°²´Á®É§Ú¿ï¾Ü¥hªº¦a¤è. ¦ì©ó¦è«n³¡ªº Osa ¥b®q¤W, ³o¬Oô´µ¤j¾¤®a«O¯d³Ì¤j¤ùªº lowland wet forest, ±`³QºÙ¬° "ô´µ¤j¾¤®aªº¨È°¨»¹." ³o¬O Red-backed Squirrel Monkey ªº¥t¤@Ó±Ú¸sªº´Ï®§¦a (²×©ó¬Ý¨ì¤F, ¦n¥i·R!), ¤]¬O¤ñ¸û®e©ö¬Ý¨ì¬ü¬w°\ (Jaguar) ¤Î Harpy Eagle ªº¦a¤è. §Ú«Ü©¯¹Bªº¤j¥Õ¤Ñ¦b¨B¹D¤W¬Ý¨ì¤@°¦ Jaguar, ¤£¹L¨S¦³ Harpy Eagle.yUQSx* ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ wF] Cuerici Biological Station & Cerro de la Muerte (10/28-11/1)?vR!Q ³o¬O¦ì©ó 3000 ¤½¤Ø¥ª¥kªº°ª®ü©Þ, ¬O Pan-American Highway ªº³Ì°ªÂI. 3200 ¤½¤Ø¥H¤U¤j¦h¬O montane oak forest, ¥H¤W«h¬O¥u¦³¸GÄéÂO¤Î¦Ë¤lªº paramo. ³o¸Ì¤SÀã¤S§N, ¤£¹L¤é¥ú¿OÁÙ¬O§l¤Þ¤£¤Ö©øÂÎ, ¥]¬A¤@ºØªí±¹³ºñ¦âÃè¤lªºª÷Àt¤l (¤£¹L¥u¦³¤@°¦, Å¥»¡«B©uªì¤ñ¸û¦h). Resplendent Quetzel ³ßÅw»E¶°¦b¬õ¤ì (Rosewood) ¤W¦YªG¤l, ¬ü·¥¤F!|jM+Z ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ $; Las Cruces Biological Station (Wilson Botanical Garden) (11/24-12/8)jDrE ³o¤]¬O OTS ªº¬ã¨s¯¸, ¦ì©ó¦è«n³¡, «Ü±µªñ¤Ú®³°¨, ®ü©Þ 1100 ¤½¤Ø. ¶é°Ï§t»\ Wilson Botanical Garden ¤Î¤@¤ùì©lªL. ªþªñ¶}µoÄY«, ¨Ï±o³o¤ù´ËªL¤w¸g¦¨¬°¿W¥ßªº¤p®q. ±Ð«Çªº¤é¥ú¿O¤Þ¨Ó«Ü¦h©øÂÎ, ¤£¹L¥i¯à¦]¬°»P´ËªLÁÙ¦³¤@¬q¶ZÂ÷, ©Ò¥H¨S¤°»ò¯S§Oªº. ¦³¤@¦ì¦P¾Ç¦b³Ìªñªº¤pÂí (San Vito) ¸Ì¬Ý¨ì³QÀ£«óªº¤j¶H.0CUh4J ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ _i3UF Golfito (11/30-12/1)Sd ¦ì©ó¦è«n³¡ Golfo Dulce ©¤Ã䪺¤p«°¥«, «á±¤s©Y¤W¬OӴ˪L«OÅ@°Ï. §Ú̥դѥh°ÑÆ[¬õ¾ðªL (¦b¤ô¸Ì¥Î´åªº!), ±ß¤W¨ì´ËªL¸Ì±¬Ý Red-eyed Leaf Frog µ¥¨â´Ïª¦ÂÎ. ¥«°Ï¶À¦âªº¸ô¿O«Ü¦h, ·Q»¡¤j·§¨S¤°»òÂÎ. ¨S·Q¨ì¦¤W³ºµM¦b¦í±J«eªº°¨¸ô¤Wµo²{¤@°¦³QÀ£«óªº¤j¶H¤½ÂÎ!7[Dej ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ K'M Marino Ballena National Park (12/8-9)ZRST53 ³oÓ°ê®a¤½¶é¦ì©ó¤¤¤Ó¥¬v©¤, ¥Dn¬O«OÅ@®ü¬v¥ÍºA¤Î¤j¯ÍÄH, ®üÅy¤]¤£¿ù, ®ÈÀ]ªþªñ¤]¦³ì©l´ËªL. ´ËªL¸Ì¦³³\¦h¥¨¤jªº¾ð, §Ú¤]²×©ó§ä¨ì Green and Black Poison-dart Frog ¤F. ¦b·ËÃä¹J¨£¤@°¦¦³¼@¬rªº Fer-de-lance, §Ú¦b¦w¥þ¶ZÂ÷Æ[¹î¤F³\¤[. ¦¤W§Ú¥h¯B¼ç. ¦Y¤ÈÀ\®É§Ú̱qÀ\ÆU¬Ý¨ì¤j¯ÍÄH¦b®ü±¸õ¤ô!T: ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ &@ §Ú¦P¾Çªº¼Æ¦ì¬Û¾÷©Ò©çªº·Ó¤ù¦b http://www.imagestation.com/album/?id=4291224755. ¥²¶·¥ýµn¤J. ¦pªG¤£·Q¦Û¤v¥Ó½Ð¤@Ó±b¸¹, ¥i¥H¥Î±b¸¹: OTS, ±K½X: USAP.]]
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