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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar.     &Rb[
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9pF ******|>dfyq ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ O\y ~$ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ a,P ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):7E# ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ?u{ ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.8 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ F)zlF [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡CPE -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡C=-Id} -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹ÏCL3z8 -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ù?DN1[ -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]+\ 7SL ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ > [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸)]:9J% ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ [ ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ 03 ZG, **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s26W\ [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:%U8bhk .;9r W}"bv XRE ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ b`e @ ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]E}@|Y* ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ }nc`M2 Contents@ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ @a * Contents$iY-J * Prefacez#| * Acknowledgements`28 * Introduction2Aol: o Geological history) o Climate in the past2Gww8 o Fossil evidencerOc o Colonization history of Madagascar[xnxe o Climate and biogeographical zonationW o Flora{] o Invertebrates` o Freshwater fishQ2$~ o BirdsLEP+J o Mammalst:w6Mx o Bats{G o LemursSve9d o Carnivoranse0'DY o Tenrecs}M){4Z o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptilesz|e o Amphibians5[A1 + Distribution and biogeographya + Predation and anti-predator strategiesA + Activity patterns]"uf + Life history{ + Reproductive diversityApTPt + Territoriality and parental care*],S + Diversity of eggs and clutchesj + Tadpole diversityE:7UX + VocalizationsXwZX/N + Sexual dimorphism8 + Nuptial padsV + Femoral glands=!jp + Other glands and skin structuresz5ciWy + Characters for species distinction; + Colouration](|E + Eyes>.;&R + SkinDVe%: + Terminal finger discsk=8v + Metatarsal tubercleshf|_ + Lateral metatarsalias#q& + Webbinge1 + Hindlimb length<v + Tympanumx}8 + Body size=d$ebs + Skeletal featurescsj-L + Threats, conservation, and future research
o Reptiles% + Distribution and biogeographyS + Nutritiong9YaLG + Predation and anti-predator strategiestz + Activity patternsaa,r + Reproductive diversityP + Territoriality and parental carenX + Diversity of eggs and clutchesn + Life historywt6 + VocalizationsrI;MW{ + Scent signals^ + Sexual dimorphismp + Characters for species distinctioni:Jv1 + Scalesn-W(v + Finger and toe lamellae5 + Body size and proportions3>*9Z + ColourdNpuD + Crests and appendages]"Jei4 + Limb reductionw3z0fA + Eyes; + Hemipenes;>{im + Threats, conservation, and future research) + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accounts>6 o Amphibians0 + Dicroglossidaes9T8Vi # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae}P # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae94|o # Heterixalus
+ Microhylidae#e # Paradoxophyla8k^ # Scaphiophrynews # Dyscophus'CT # Rhombophryne?/e/7v # MadecassophryneZ # Plethodontohylaa8Yd # StumpffiaG # Platypelisry9j # Cophyla#k-n* # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidae!+\ # Boophis+lX)Z # LaliostomajXy # Aglyptodactylus"5JVCA # BlommersiaX+6g # Wakea gTj#f # Mantella| # Guibemantisf:8Q?% # Spinomantism&P # Gephyromantis17.ws # TsingymantisIv>z} # Boehmantisn # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles'\GE3 + Turtles,r$s,= # Testudinidaeq2XkB * Astrochelysjf88 * PyxisiM9L * Kinixys
# Podocnemididaeo * Erymnochelys
# PelomedusidaezP-lpc * Pelomedusa-d * Pelusios
# DermochelyidaeMVI@d) * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaepL00 * CarettaY * Chelonia;led%Z * EretmochelysE9/ * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodiles9^ # Crocodylidaef * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesMTjx # Chamaeleonidae7Q? * BrookesiaCJ0rE * Calumma& * Furcifer
# Iguanidae]&_ * Oplurus}FW8 * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae\b * Zonosaurushn80 * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidae: * Trachylepis4VbQB * CryptoblepharusT{| * Madascincus.J * AmphiglossusmvFMz * Androngo0<2L' * Sirenoscincusx[e * Voeltzkowia|$ * CryptoscincusgIccB2 * Pygomeles_JNRf * Pseudoacontiast * Paracontias
# Gekkonidae#eLq*b * Blaesodactylus 2WYh * Geckolepiss2 * Gehyraw * HemidactylusdgM2K * ParagehyraEJKs * Matoatoarp9m_ * Ebenaviag7:) * ParoeduraL0) * UroplatusC * Lygodactylus&a * MicroscalabotesY * Phelsuma
# Boidae!<% * Sanzinia=\A\8M * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)cSnk * Madagascarophis. * Stenophis:bh3 * LeioheterodontUtouG * CompsophistoU_jd * BrygophisM|@!Y^ * Alluaudina7]0iS * Langahad * IthycyphusYqff * PseudoxyrhopusI3xuN? * Heteroliodone9Js * Exallodontophis+L * Pararhadinaeal\=@| * Liophidium&j * Liopholidophisg|wr * Bibilavarjb3f * Dromicodryas@&}2 * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae}I * Ramphotyphlops9%Cfo * XenotyphlopsS_T1M * Typhlops
# Elapidaee * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesrv@6 * Referencesz/n * Index*z'
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