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A Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. i
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vqIi ******K ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ '!F%/z GQ-8u ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Xq#?LV ¥Xª©©ó2007¦~10¤ë¡A¸g¹Lº©ªøµ¥«Ýªº²Ä¤Tª©°Ý¥@¡A Frank Glaw & Miguel Vences (2007):X8 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ E~[ ISBN 978-3-929449-03-7.ZxnXa* ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ x{x>" [indent][indent]-¥þ±«¼g§ïª©¥Xª©¡A¨C¶³£¬O¥þ±m¶±¡C/T1}ME -°¨¹F¥[´µ¥[ªº¨â´Ïª¦ÂΥͪ«¾Ç´yz¡A¥þ³¡ºë©_¡A¤@¦¸º¡¨¬¡C] -¶W¹L700ºØª«ºØªº¤À¥¬¦a¹Ï729s: -¶W¹L1500±iªº¥þ±m·Ó¤ùR -¥¸Ë¡A¥u¤ñÃã®üÁÙ½G¤@ÂIXD 17 x 24 cm[/indent][/indent]b@xp! e`:n ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Zr2* [size=5]¨È°¨»¹ºô¸ô®Ñ§½°â»ù 129 ¬ü¤¸(§é¦X¥x¹ô¤£§t¹B¶O4128¤¸):b6 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ >lk ²{¦b¥un:¥x¹ô3300¤¸ = **¥Ø«e¦³®w¦s! [b]³¡¥÷¤º¶ªY½à:X)}[Q> r-p2 JYP hp ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ w|F I ¤º¤å·§n:[/size][/b]r7 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ r$ Contents?kbe ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ K*f * Contentsz * Preface! * Acknowledgements#B * Introductionudx o Geological history"Aa o Climate in the past=:UM o Fossil evidenceV; o Colonization history of Madagascar- o Climate and biogeographical zonationa%O o FloraF=l ~ o Invertebratesij.+ o Freshwater fish{*]Suw o Birdsd5@`C o MammalsaT?q o Bats:tq o LemursB|: o CarnivoransZ% o TenrecsD+K;b} o Rodents
* Introduction to Amphibians and Reptiles[T?k o Amphibiansg + Distribution and biogeography:~_ + Predation and anti-predator strategies':g + Activity patternsl + Life history~*y + Reproductive diversity%_A,Y + Territoriality and parental care<[ + Diversity of eggs and clutchesb + Tadpole diversity:`Tax + VocalizationsX + Sexual dimorphismBOf8 + Nuptial padsAU7 + Femoral glands'=3@ + Other glands and skin structuresRB+o( + Characters for species distinctionA + ColourationN\D5 + Eyesw8 + SkinUTx9: + Terminal finger discs4 + Metatarsal tubercles{ + Lateral metatarsaliav1v*CV + WebbingZ>[r + Hindlimb lengthh9t'V- + Tympanum_y\gFE + Body sizeL + Skeletal features' EL + Threats, conservation, and future research
o ReptilesI>p|f + Distribution and biogeographyb + NutritionOo0ME\ + Predation and anti-predator strategies%3IR, + Activity patternsnYd2U6 + Reproductive diversity$l^;<T + Territoriality and parental care3 + Diversity of eggs and clutchesyh| + Life history9D1 + VocalizationsI;t + Scent signals3>LL7` + Sexual dimorphismM`P + Characters for species distinctionlv + Scales* + Finger and toe lamellae{,)l + Body size and proportionsm@P}t? + Colour]w@cF + Crests and appendagesd. + Limb reduction.4l + EyesV; + Hemipenes@(w[ + Threats, conservation, and future research+O.C@B + Box: Chytrid fungus infection: a potential danger for Malagasy frogs
* Species accountsH o Amphibians3I + Dicroglossidae{)p # Hoplobatrachus
+ Ptychadenidae"N'I # Ptychadena
+ Hyperoliidae cZt2U # Heterixalus
+ MicrohylidaeSDx # Paradoxophyla>2:%Z # ScaphiophryneYj{ # DyscophusTlBT&m # RhombophryneDUQZB # Madecassophryne~ # PlethodontohylaSS Cwi # StumpffiaSln # PlatypelisE;,p # CophylaO # Anodonthyla
+ Mantellidae()r # BoophisdS7` p # Laliostoma hq # Aglyptodactylusl?G # Blommersia5Vy~ # Wakeaa@KfpD # Mantella(@f8= # Guibemantis3u # Spinomantisyz # Gephyromantis:yu2WZ # Tsingymantis,DOW # Boehmantis}J # Mantidactylus
o Reptiles(2!W! + Turtles17tK # Testudinidaest9G]* * Astrochelys'` * PyxisH[?gq * Kinixys
# Podocnemididae3U * Erymnochelys
# Pelomedusidae:' * Pelomedusau2'`=R * Pelusios
# Dermochelyidae* &>i * Dermochelys
# CheloniidaeA^9 * Caretta?7zG> * Chelonia:" * EretmochelysaR% * Lepidochelys
+ Crocodiles` # Crocodylidae%`AUmt * Crocodylus
+ Lizards and snakesQV # ChamaeleonidaeH(O * Brookesia5dJ4[ * Calumma2k+_ * Furcifer
# IguanidaehM * Oplurus)I6.P * Chalarodon
# Gerrhosauridae"~$]}F * ZonosaurusEo * Tracheloptychus
# Scincidaet%5 * Trachylepis/D * Cryptoblepharus,gkABa * Madascincus~o) * Amphiglossush$YB * Androngo>C * SirenoscincusS * Voeltzkowia!Iy2AP * Cryptoscincus(CYsre * Pygomelesf8$ * PseudoacontiasC[uU * Paracontias
# Gekkonidae~ * Blaesodactylus}4wQ * Geckolepis<eFO * GehyraY * Hemidactylusx+a.v * ParagehyraIa@ * MatoatoaFSW@ * EbenaviaM * Paroedura5{a * Uroplatuscd * Lygodactylus1`d * Microscalabotes|=G * Phelsuma
# BoidaeQ0y3 * Sanzinia`h0{QX * Acrantophis
# Colubridae (sensu lato)]z * Madagascarophis>sxO{S * StenophisJq * Leioheterodonpy<C * Compsophis6j * BrygophiswyU$Ir * Alluaudina} * Langaha;fm6 * Ithycyphus0>NK4 * Pseudoxyrhopusd}8 * Heteroliodon6U5~z7 * Exallodontophis%%e * Pararhadinaearu * LiophidiumzNMP * LiopholidophisVok; * Bibilavanz * DromicodryasT5 X& * Mimophis
# Typhlopidae(N * Ramphotyphlops0xDJMv * Xenotyphlopsa>cX$_ * Typhlops
# Elapidae4 * Pelamis
* Appendix: Additional photos and speciesH * References;S * Index'd
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